| Diodon holocanthus Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||
| Family: | Diodontidae (Porcupinefishes (burrfishes)) |
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| Order: | Tetraodontiformes (puffers and filefishes) | |||
| Class: | Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) | |||
| FishBase name: | Long-spine porcupinefish | |||
| Max. size: | 50.0 cm Total Length (male/unsexed; Ref. 7251) | |||
| Environment: | reef-associated; marine ; depth range 2 - 100 m | |||
| Climate: | subtropical | |||
| Importance: | fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial | |||
| Resilience: | ||||
| Distribution: Gazetteer |
Lives in tropical seas around the world.
Circumtropical in distribution. Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and the
Bahamas to Brazil (Ref. 7251). Eastern Atlantic: 30°N to 23°S (Ref. 6951);
also South Africa (Ref. 4423). Eastern Pacific: Hawaii, Pitcarin, and Easter
(Ref. 9680); southern California, USA to Colombia (Ref. 11482) and the
Galapagos Islands (Ref. 5227).
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| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal
spines (total): 0-0;
Dorsal
soft rays (total): 13-15;
Anal
spines: 0-0;
Anal
soft rays: 13-15. Pelagic juveniles with spots, particularly prominent
on belly; adults with dark blotches across back and spots between the
blotches; fins without spots (Ref. 4423). 14 to 16 spines in an approximate
row between snout and origin of dorsal fin; with a large brown bar above and
below each eye; a broad transverse brown bar on occipital region of head
(Ref. 13442).
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| Biology: | Inhabits shallow reefs to open, soft
bottoms. Also in areas with rocky substrata. Sometimes forms groups
(Ref. 9710). Juveniles pelagic to about 6-9 cm. Solitary. Feeds on
mollusks, sea urchins, hermit crabs, and crabs at night (Ref. 9680). A
relatively poor swimmer (Ref. 9710). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref.
12166). Captured at the surface using a hand net (Ref. 26165).
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| Red List Status: | Not in IUCN Red List , (Ref. 36508) | |||
| Dangerous: | reports of ciguatera poisoning , Olsen, D.A., D.W. Nellis and R.S. Wood. 1984 | |||
| Coordinator: | ||||
| Main Ref: | Leis, J.M.. 1984. (Ref. 3393) | |||
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